I am a small woman, 5'2", 120#, and I halter break all our cattle - mostly calves weighing about 500-600 and sometimes yearlings. First, I let them drag the halter, and we keep them in pens during the day, feeding them in their pens, getting them used to us moving around them & getting close to them. Than my husband snags the halter & ties them to a ring on the solid wall (gates aren't very good, because they can get a leg caught in the bars). He does this 2 nights, we leave them tied about 15-30 minutes, depending on how hard they struggle. But, we rarely have one fight more than a minute or two, because they have learned that when they step on the rope, if they back up, it quits hurting. Than we quietly release them - NEVER when they are pulling. 3rd day, I can snag their rope & tie them up myself at their feeding spot, spending time brushing & scratching them. Pull, get 1 step, stop & release pressure. If they are not too frightened of you, scratch their face & loosen halter. When they relax, pull & get them to make 1 more step. Stop - repeat reward. Always pull them TO feed (some people use water). After about two days of me tieing them am & pm, I tie them to a rail, with their heads up, brush them, scratch them "in the right spots", then lead them to their feed - 1 step at a time if necessary, rewarding them. NEVER try to lead one in a large area. Our largest pen is about 12 X 20. If they run, I can stay with them holding the end of the rope - so they never get away.
I would much rather have a "balker" than a run-away.
I do not believe in using a tractor. If I have one that keeps trying to get away. We will hook her up to a broke cow or yearling, leading her. If the calf bolts, she is pulled back by bigger cow, but thinks we have her. Rarely tries more than a few times. Biggest thing, do not take them outside until you are REALLY sure they won't run. Also, I first just walk them out the barn door & stop them, let go & walk away. Don't ever let go when they are pulling or acting nervous.
Pulling & releasing pressure is a slow method, but works!