We are responsible for injury to the animals.
Yes, but the cow's owners are responsible to damage they do to your property. Call the county sheriff and if you see the cows in the road or in danger of entering a public roadway, call 911. Trust me, they will take action.
Fence out, or open range?
Is there a difference?
Back when I was young, cattle (and domestic hogs) were quite often on the roads in the county I just left. It was open range for about the 1st two dozen years of my life. All of Texas, by state statute is open range. It's up to the individual counties to decide whether to vote in a stock law or not.
In Texas, if the county is open range, livestock could roam free on any local, rural, county or any of the 41,000 miles of farm to market road that pass thru a county without a stock law.
The only roads livestock couldn't roam on were US Interstates and Texas State highways.
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This is not correct, Greybeard. In Texas the laws vary by county. Generally speaking, cattle owners are responsible for their cattle at all times. In open range country a driver who hits a cow may be held to liability but elsewhere if a driver can prove the cattleman was not prudent to keep the cows off the road, the cattleman may be held to liability even in fence out counties. Two examples from 2 of my neighbors, we are a fence out county:
First one - during the 2011 drought 5 of his 800+ head pushed through the fence, wandered about 1 mile down a county road to a busy FM road. At the days last light a company passenger carrying 5 workers vehicle hit 2 cows, killing them and one of the passengers in the vehicle. The company and the deceased's family tried to sue my neighbor. My neighbor counter sued. The company and family could never prove gross negligence so on the advice of their attorneys, they withdrew. Out of respect for the deceased, my neighbor also withdrew his suit. He told me he had been through this before about 12 years prior and won that lawsuit. He also said lawsuits should be avoided at all opportunities. They are messy, stressful, and the only one who profits are the lawyers.
Second neighbor - He has 20 cows. They travel over 4 different properties that are not fenced to my lease, which is about 75 yards from the same busy FM road. Two years ago, I told him to get his cows off my property. The next week the cows were back. I called again. He told me that BS line - "well we are a fence out county and if you don't want them on your place, you put up a fence." I told him, " you are responsible for damage your cows do to my place. I charge $25 per head per day for grazing."
He came and got his cows. This has been going on every 5-12 days for the last 2 years. I've called the sheriff multiple times and they've come out and called him. I've reminded him multiple times that I do not have a fence and it is only a matter of time before they end up on that FM road. I have been more than gracious in offering to help him put up a fence and to help him gather his cows. He's refused my offers. Well, about 3 months ago they started wandering onto the FM road. The sheriff has been out 4 times because the cows are on the road. They finally told him 2 weeks ago next time they are found on the road they will have cowboys round them up. My point with this is, he has built a case of gross negligence against himself. But I'm fixing to help him out - we started building a fence so I can graze my cattle on it during this drought.
You can learn about Texas land laws and fencing by reading Tiffany Dowell's
Ag Law Blog. Here's the link to
Fence Laws.