Biologics tech folks have indicated that killed/inactivated vaccines which have been handled properly are probably OK for up to 4 months after you 'open' them - IF!!! they are kept refrigerated and not contaminated. That means no in-and-out of the stopper with a needle that's been stuck in cows - you should insert a sterile needle and draw out the desired dose, unhook, and put a new needle on the syringe for the injection into the animal.
Ron, he knew better. I knew better. Se were all taught better...but vets are just like everyone else...we're prone to slip into doing it the 'easy' way.
It took a pretty big slap for me to step back and realize the error of my ways... the need to use a fresh, new, sterile needle for each and every cow. Had that same discussion with another veterinarian this week.
Have seen a couple of clinical cases of anaplasmosis in cattle this week - 3-4 months earlier than the typical time frame that they start popping up here. I'd bet you a Coke that they 'worked' the herd 6 weeks or so ago, and transferred the Anaplasma organism from an infected cow to noninfected animals by going down the line using the same needle time after time, til it broke, got bent, or was too dull to shove it through the skin any more.