Most studies I've seen showed increased pelvic area at yearling/breeding age for once-implanted heifers, but the difference was negligible by calving - though some have shown a decrease in calving difficulty in implanted heifers compared to non-implanted heifers.
A number of studies do show decreased fertility/ovulation at first estrus, but no long-term adverse effects on overall fertility over the life of the heifer/cow.
I implant EVERY steer here, but I don't implant heifers(anymore) if I'm planning to keep them as replacements.