? about EPD

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EPDs explain the differences between animals within a breed population, the EPD is the estimated difference in performance (growth to weaning for example) when two sires are randomly mated to a group of cows, managed the same from breeding through weaning of the subsequent calf. So, 100 cows mated randomly to two bulls whose weaning epds are +40 and +60, will result in a difference at weaning of 20lbs, on average, between the two sire groups. Of course this is not how EPDs are routinely used in the purebred 'bigger, faster, better' world where EPDs are cited as a badge of honor or point of promotion.
 
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CE - Calving Ease: average to a positive number is better. (+)

BW - Birth Weight: average to a negative number is better. (-)

WW - Weaning Weight: above average is better; (+)

YW - Yearling Weight: above average is better; (+)

MCE - Maternal Calving Ease: above average is better; (+)

MILK - Milk: in moderation is better or average. (+)

MWW - Maternal Weaning Weight: above average is better; (+)

CWT - Carcass Weight: above average is better; (+)

YG - Yeild Grade: above average is better; (-)

IMF - Intramuscular Fat or Marbling: above average is better; (+)

BF - Back Fat: above average is better; (-)

REA - Rib Eye Area: above average is better; (+)

SHR - Shear: above average is better; (-)

JS
 
Be aware that 'breed average' is not zero for any epd or index - for any breed, as far as I know.
EPDs are computed, based on comparison to the breed average in some 'base' year chosen as a starting reference point. For instance, for current Angus sires, breed average BW is +1.8, WW +46, etc.
http://www.angus.org/Nce/BreedAverageEPDs.aspx
 
Breed average is figured as a snapshot in time. The picture gets taken once every five years. What shows up in that picture is the new zero. The faster your particular breed changes, the faster they move away from zero...
 

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