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NCBA, R-CALF, COOL, USDA (No Politics!)
Ranchers in Texas Need to Pay Close Attention to CWD TSE Prion
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<blockquote data-quote="flounder" data-source="post: 1815147" data-attributes="member: 3519"><p>"In addition, hay and straw from the United States and Canada must be accompanied by a certificate from a public veterinarian that the product has been harvested in states or provinces where Chronic Wasting Disease has not been detected on deer."</p><p></p><p>Regulation No. 1599 of 2018 on additional requirements for the import of hay and straw for used for animal feed.</p><p></p><p>This content is exclusively provided by</p><p></p><p>FAO, FAOLEX</p><p></p><p>Regulation No. 1599 of 2018 on additional requirements for the import of hay and straw for used for animal feed.</p><p></p><p>Country Norway</p><p></p><p>Type of law Regulation</p><p></p><p>Source</p><p></p><p>FAO , FAOLEX</p><p></p><p>Abstract</p><p></p><p>This Regulation seeks to prevent the spread of infectious animal diseases that can be caused by the importation of hay and straw used in animal feed from countries outside the European Economic Area. Hay and straw imported into Norway as animal feed must: (a) be accompanied by a confirmation from the manufacturer that the product has been stored for at least two months in the country of dispatch and harvested from farms where no animal manure has been fertilized during the past two years; and b) be accompanied by a certificate from a public veterinarian in the country of dispatch that the product has been harvested from farms where no restrictions have been set due to infectious animal disease. In addition, hay and straw from the United States and Canada must be accompanied by a certificate from a public veterinarian that the product has been harvested in states or provinces where Chronic Wasting Disease has not been detected on deer.</p><p></p><p>Attached files</p><p></p><p><a href="http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/nor189761.pdf" target="_blank">http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/nor189761.pdf</a></p><p></p><p>Web site</p><p></p><p>[URL unfurl="true"]http://www.lovdata.no[/URL]</p><p></p><p>Date of text</p><p></p><p>22 Oct 2018</p><p></p><p>Repealed</p><p></p><p>No</p><p></p><p>Source language</p><p></p><p>English</p><p></p><p>Legislation Amendment</p><p></p><p>No</p><p></p><p>Original title</p><p></p><p>Forskrift om tilleggskrav ved import av høy og halm til dyrefôr.</p><p></p><p>Amends</p><p></p><p>Regulation prohibiting the importation of animals and infectious objects. on 22 Oct 2018 </p><p></p><p><a href="https://leap.unep.org/countries/no/national-legislation/regulation-no-1599-2018-additional-requirements-import-hay-and" target="_blank">https://leap.unep.org/countries/no/national-legislation/regulation-no-1599-2018-additional-requirements-import-hay-and</a></p><p></p><p>DEFRA </p><p></p><p>Friday, December 14, 2012 </p><p></p><p>DEFRA U.K. What is the risk of Chronic Wasting Disease CWD being introduced into Great Britain? A Qualitative Risk Assessment October 2012 </p><p></p><p>snip..... </p><p></p><p>In summary, in endemic areas, there is a medium probability that the soil and surrounding environment is contaminated with CWD prions and in a bioavailable form. In rural areas where CWD has not been reported and deer are present, there is a greater than negligible risk the soil is contaminated with CWD prion. snip..... In summary, given the volume of tourists, hunters and servicemen moving between GB and North America, the probability of at least one person travelling to/from a CWD affected area and, in doing so, contaminating their clothing, footwear and/or equipment prior to arriving in GB is greater than negligible... For deer hunters, specifically, the risk is likely to be greater given the increased contact with deer and their environment. However, there is significant uncertainty associated with these estimates. </p><p></p><p>snip..... </p><p></p><p>Therefore, it is considered that farmed and park deer may have a higher probability of exposure to CWD transferred to the environment than wild deer given the restricted habitat range and higher frequency of contact with tourists and returning GB residents. </p><p>snip..... </p><p></p><p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170404125557/http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130822084033/http://www.defra.gov.uk/animal-diseases/files/qra_chronic-wasting-disease-121029.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20170404125557/http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130822084033/http://www.defra.gov.uk/animal-diseases/files/qra_chronic-wasting-disease-121029.pdf</a></p><p></p><p>Carrot plants as potential vectors for CWD transmission</p><p></p><p>Paulina Sotoa,b, Francisca Bravo-Risia,b, Claudio Sotoa, and Rodrigo Moralesa,b</p><p></p><p>aDepartment of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, USA; bUniversidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile</p><p></p><p>Prion diseases are infectious neurodegenerative disorders afflicting humans and other mammals. These diseases are generated by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein into a disease-causing isoform. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prevalent prion disease affecting cervids (captive and free-range). CWD is thought to be transmitted through direct animal contact or by indirect exposure to contaminated environments. Many studies have shown that infectious prions can enter the environment through saliva, feces, or urine from infected animals and decaying carcasses. However, we do not fully understand the specific contribution of each component to disease transmission events. Plants are logical environmental components to be evaluated since they grow in environments contaminated with CWD prions and are relevant for animal and human nutrition.</p><p></p><p>Aims: The main objective of this study is to study whether prions are transported to the roots and leaves of carrots, an edible plant commonly used in the human diet and as deer bait.</p><p></p><p>Methods: We have grown carrot plants in CWD-infected soils. After 90 days, we harvested the carrots and separated them from the leaves. The experiment was controlled by growing plants in soil samples treated with brain extracts from healthy animals. These materials were interrogated for their prion seeding activity using the Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA) technique. Infectivity was evaluated in mouse bioassays (intracerebral injections in Tg1536 mice). The animals were sacrificed when they showed established signs of prion disease. Animals not displaying clinical signs were sacrificed at 600 days post-inoculation.</p><p></p><p>Results: The PMCA analysis demonstrated CWD seeding activity in soils contaminated with CWD prions, as well as in carrot plants (leaves and roots) grown on them. Bioassays demonstrated that both leaves and roots contained CWD prions in sufficient quantities to induce disease (92% attack rate). As expected, animals treated with prion-infected soils developed prion disease at shorter incubation periods (and complete attack rates) compared to plant components. Animals treated with soil and plant components exposed with CWD-free brain extracts did not display prion-associated clinical signs or evidence of sub-clinical prion infection.</p><p></p><p>Conclusions: We show that edible plant components can absorb prions from CWD contaminated soils and transport them to their aerial parts. Our results indicate that plants could participate as vectors of CWD transmission. Importantly, plants designated for human consumption represent a risk of introducing CWD prions into the human food chain.</p><p></p><p>Funded by: NIH</p><p></p><p>Grant number: R01AI132695</p><p></p><p><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19336896.2022.2091286" target="_blank">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19336896.2022.2091286</a></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="flounder, post: 1815147, member: 3519"] "In addition, hay and straw from the United States and Canada must be accompanied by a certificate from a public veterinarian that the product has been harvested in states or provinces where Chronic Wasting Disease has not been detected on deer." Regulation No. 1599 of 2018 on additional requirements for the import of hay and straw for used for animal feed. This content is exclusively provided by FAO, FAOLEX Regulation No. 1599 of 2018 on additional requirements for the import of hay and straw for used for animal feed. Country Norway Type of law Regulation Source FAO , FAOLEX Abstract This Regulation seeks to prevent the spread of infectious animal diseases that can be caused by the importation of hay and straw used in animal feed from countries outside the European Economic Area. Hay and straw imported into Norway as animal feed must: (a) be accompanied by a confirmation from the manufacturer that the product has been stored for at least two months in the country of dispatch and harvested from farms where no animal manure has been fertilized during the past two years; and b) be accompanied by a certificate from a public veterinarian in the country of dispatch that the product has been harvested from farms where no restrictions have been set due to infectious animal disease. In addition, hay and straw from the United States and Canada must be accompanied by a certificate from a public veterinarian that the product has been harvested in states or provinces where Chronic Wasting Disease has not been detected on deer. Attached files [URL]http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/nor189761.pdf[/URL] Web site [URL unfurl="true"]http://www.lovdata.no[/URL] Date of text 22 Oct 2018 Repealed No Source language English Legislation Amendment No Original title Forskrift om tilleggskrav ved import av høy og halm til dyrefôr. Amends Regulation prohibiting the importation of animals and infectious objects. on 22 Oct 2018 [URL]https://leap.unep.org/countries/no/national-legislation/regulation-no-1599-2018-additional-requirements-import-hay-and[/URL] DEFRA Friday, December 14, 2012 DEFRA U.K. What is the risk of Chronic Wasting Disease CWD being introduced into Great Britain? A Qualitative Risk Assessment October 2012 snip..... In summary, in endemic areas, there is a medium probability that the soil and surrounding environment is contaminated with CWD prions and in a bioavailable form. In rural areas where CWD has not been reported and deer are present, there is a greater than negligible risk the soil is contaminated with CWD prion. snip..... In summary, given the volume of tourists, hunters and servicemen moving between GB and North America, the probability of at least one person travelling to/from a CWD affected area and, in doing so, contaminating their clothing, footwear and/or equipment prior to arriving in GB is greater than negligible... For deer hunters, specifically, the risk is likely to be greater given the increased contact with deer and their environment. However, there is significant uncertainty associated with these estimates. snip..... Therefore, it is considered that farmed and park deer may have a higher probability of exposure to CWD transferred to the environment than wild deer given the restricted habitat range and higher frequency of contact with tourists and returning GB residents. snip..... [URL]https://web.archive.org/web/20170404125557/http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130822084033/http://www.defra.gov.uk/animal-diseases/files/qra_chronic-wasting-disease-121029.pdf[/URL] Carrot plants as potential vectors for CWD transmission Paulina Sotoa,b, Francisca Bravo-Risia,b, Claudio Sotoa, and Rodrigo Moralesa,b aDepartment of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, USA; bUniversidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile Prion diseases are infectious neurodegenerative disorders afflicting humans and other mammals. These diseases are generated by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein into a disease-causing isoform. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prevalent prion disease affecting cervids (captive and free-range). CWD is thought to be transmitted through direct animal contact or by indirect exposure to contaminated environments. Many studies have shown that infectious prions can enter the environment through saliva, feces, or urine from infected animals and decaying carcasses. However, we do not fully understand the specific contribution of each component to disease transmission events. Plants are logical environmental components to be evaluated since they grow in environments contaminated with CWD prions and are relevant for animal and human nutrition. Aims: The main objective of this study is to study whether prions are transported to the roots and leaves of carrots, an edible plant commonly used in the human diet and as deer bait. Methods: We have grown carrot plants in CWD-infected soils. After 90 days, we harvested the carrots and separated them from the leaves. The experiment was controlled by growing plants in soil samples treated with brain extracts from healthy animals. These materials were interrogated for their prion seeding activity using the Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA) technique. Infectivity was evaluated in mouse bioassays (intracerebral injections in Tg1536 mice). The animals were sacrificed when they showed established signs of prion disease. Animals not displaying clinical signs were sacrificed at 600 days post-inoculation. Results: The PMCA analysis demonstrated CWD seeding activity in soils contaminated with CWD prions, as well as in carrot plants (leaves and roots) grown on them. Bioassays demonstrated that both leaves and roots contained CWD prions in sufficient quantities to induce disease (92% attack rate). As expected, animals treated with prion-infected soils developed prion disease at shorter incubation periods (and complete attack rates) compared to plant components. Animals treated with soil and plant components exposed with CWD-free brain extracts did not display prion-associated clinical signs or evidence of sub-clinical prion infection. Conclusions: We show that edible plant components can absorb prions from CWD contaminated soils and transport them to their aerial parts. Our results indicate that plants could participate as vectors of CWD transmission. Importantly, plants designated for human consumption represent a risk of introducing CWD prions into the human food chain. Funded by: NIH Grant number: R01AI132695 [URL]https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19336896.2022.2091286[/URL] [/QUOTE]
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Ranchers in Texas Need to Pay Close Attention to CWD TSE Prion
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