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Hybrid Vigor: 4 way cross vs single cross.
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<blockquote data-quote="ANAZAZI" data-source="post: 1359505" data-attributes="member: 7541"><p>A threeway cross and a four way cross is about the same in heterosis. A threeway has more consistency in the offspring, so more profitable. With a crossbred cow from breed 1 and 2 mated to a bull from breed 3, you get full MATERNAL HETEROSIS in the cow plus full DIRECT HETEROSIS in the calf at the same time. Added bonus is if the first two breeds are MATERNAL BREEDS and the third bull is from a TERMINAL BREED. Maternal heterosis is more important economically than direct heterosis if you have to choose. </p><p></p><p>A threeway cross gives no extra advantage over a two way cross if the cow is a purebred and the bull is crossbred.</p><p></p><p>The mechanism behind this is that genes work in pairs and the best pairs are the heterozygous ones, that means the one gene in the pair is different from the other gene in the pair. </p><p>This has two reasons, one being that dominant genes bring more fitness to the offspring than recessive genes, the other reason being that sometimes the two genes working together have a wider range of adaptability than two of the same variety, Theoretically that second thing would make a fourway cross with more heterosis (and much less uniformity), in practice there is very little to be had (proving that the first reason is more important).</p><p></p><p>The easiest way to get lots of heterozygosity is to crossbreed two different breeds. </p><p></p><p>The only way to repeat it is to add unrelated breed(s) in the next generation.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="ANAZAZI, post: 1359505, member: 7541"] A threeway cross and a four way cross is about the same in heterosis. A threeway has more consistency in the offspring, so more profitable. With a crossbred cow from breed 1 and 2 mated to a bull from breed 3, you get full MATERNAL HETEROSIS in the cow plus full DIRECT HETEROSIS in the calf at the same time. Added bonus is if the first two breeds are MATERNAL BREEDS and the third bull is from a TERMINAL BREED. Maternal heterosis is more important economically than direct heterosis if you have to choose. A threeway cross gives no extra advantage over a two way cross if the cow is a purebred and the bull is crossbred. The mechanism behind this is that genes work in pairs and the best pairs are the heterozygous ones, that means the one gene in the pair is different from the other gene in the pair. This has two reasons, one being that dominant genes bring more fitness to the offspring than recessive genes, the other reason being that sometimes the two genes working together have a wider range of adaptability than two of the same variety, Theoretically that second thing would make a fourway cross with more heterosis (and much less uniformity), in practice there is very little to be had (proving that the first reason is more important). The easiest way to get lots of heterozygosity is to crossbreed two different breeds. The only way to repeat it is to add unrelated breed(s) in the next generation. [/QUOTE]
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