Greetings Cattle Today et al,
i thought i should update you about on the BSE TSE Prion, some disturbing data on BSE, Scrapie, and CWD. there is nothing good to report...terry
Research Project: Pathobiology, Genetics, and Detection of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
Location: Virus and Prion Research
Title: The agent of transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged in sheep is similar to BSE-L
Author CASSMANN, E - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE) Greenlee, Justin BALKEMA-BUSCHMANN, A - Friedrich-Loeffler-institut GROSCHUP, M - Friedrich-Loeffler-institut MOORE, S - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE) Kokemuller, Robyn Submitted to: Meeting Abstract Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 3/29/2019 Publication Date: 5/18/2019 Citation: Cassmann, E.D., Greenlee, J.J., Balkema-Buschmann, A., Groschup, M.H., Moore, S.J., Kokemuller, R. 2019. The agent of transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged in sheep is similar to BSE-L. Prion. 13. Article 49.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19336896.2019.1615197
Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) is a fatal neurologic prion disease of farmed mink. Epidemiologic and experimental evidence following a Wisconsin outbreak in 1985 has linked TME to low-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE-L). Evidence suggests that farmed mink were likely exposed to BSE-L infected downer cattle that were fed to the mink. The interspecies transmission of TME to cattle has been documented. Recently, we demonstrated the susceptibility of sheep to cattle passaged TME by intracranial inoculation.
The aim of the present study was to compare ovine passaged cattle TME to other prion diseases of food-producing animals. Using a transgenic mouse model, we characterized the disease phenotype of sheep TME to BSE-C and BSE-L. Separate inoculants of sheep passaged TME were derived from animals with the VRQ/VRQ (VV136) and ARQ/VRQ (AV136) prion protein genotype. Transgenic bovinized mice (TgBovXV) were intracranially inoculated with 20 µl of 1% w/v brain homogenate. The disease phenotypes were characterized by comparing the attack rates, incubation periods, and vacuolation profiles in TgBovXV mice.
The attack rate for BSE-C (13/13), BSE-L (18/18), and TMEVV (21/21) was 100%; whereas, the TMEAV group (15/19) had an incomplete attack rate. The average incubation periods were 299, 280, 310, and 535 days, respectively. The vacuolation profiles of BSE-L and TMEVV were most similar with mild differences observed in the thalamus and medulla. Vacuolation profiles from the BSE-C and TMEAV experimental groups were different than TMEVV and BSE-L. Overall the phenotype of disease in TME inoculated transgenic mice was dependent on the sheep donor genotype (VV vs AV). The results of the present study indicate that TME isolated from VRQ/VRQ sheep is similar to BSE-L by incubation period, attack rate, and vacuolation profile.
Our findings are in agreement with previous research that found similarities between BSE-L and TME. In this study, the similarities between TME and BSE-L are maintained after multiple interspecies passages.
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=360665
update
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/project/?accnNo=432011&fy=2021
Research Project: Pathobiology, Genetics, and Detection of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
Location: Virus and Prion Research
2021 Annual Report
snip...
4. Passing Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy (TME) prions from cattle to sheep changed the ability of the prions to infect mice. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are fatal brain diseases that affect livestock species. Prion diseases have been shown to jump species as exhibited when classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) infected cattle products were consumed by humans resulting in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Another example of cross-species transmission results in a disease of farmed mink known as transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), the origins of which were not previously understood; however, one possible source is L- BSE from cattle. The present study was designed to determine the effect of cross-species transmission of TSEs in livestock on the ability to infect mice expressing the cattle prion protein. We found that passing cattle adapted TME (TME that was previously passaged in cattle) to sheep changed the ability of the prions to infect bovinized mice in a laboratory inoculation. These results were compared to atypical BSE (L-BSE type) and Classical BSE in bovinized mice. Depending on the genotype of sheep used, the disease in mice appeared similar by histologic and western blot analysis to either L-BSE or C-BSE. These results indicate a shift in the disease presentation based on transmission through sheep with different genotypes. This information gives insight into origins and development of new prion strains. Because disease in one of the groups of mice resembled the L-BSE phenotype, it supports the hypothesis that TME can originate from feeding mink protein from cattle afflicted with L-BSE.
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/project/?accnNo=432011&fy=2021
Evidence That Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy Results from Feeding Infected Cattle Over the next 8-10 weeks, approximately 40% of all the adult mink on the farm died from TME.
snip...
The rancher was a ''dead stock'' feeder using mostly (>95%) downer or dead dairy cattle...
https://web.archive.org/web/20090506002258/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m09/tab05.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20090506001031/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m09a/tab01.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/2009050...einquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1987/06/10004001.pdf
NOW, back to those mad mink i.e. TME. let me throw a curve ball here ;
Phenotypic Similarity of Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy in Cattle and L-type Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in a Mouse Model
These findings indicated that cattle are susceptible to TME, and that bovine-passaged TME did not result in a reduced pathogenicity for mink. These studies raised the question as to whether an unknown TSE in cattle was the source of TME infection in the Stetsonville outbreak. Several additional TME outbreaks in the United States have been associated with mink diet that contained downer or dead cattle (9). ...
snip...full text ;
http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/13/12/pdfs/1887.pdf
http://transmissible-mink-encephalopathy.blogspot.com/
What about that TME TSE Prion surveillance and testing program, I'm still waiting?
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 12, 2022
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion Origin USA, what if?
https://bovineprp.blogspot.com/2022/01/bovine-spongiform-encephalopathy-bse.html
https://transmissible-mink-encephal...02/transmissible-mink-encephalopathy-tme.html
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion Origin USA?
https://bovineprp.blogspot.com/2021/10/bovine-spongiform-encephalopathy-bse.html
USA 50 State Emergency BSE Conference Call 2001
https://tseac.blogspot.com/2011/02/usa-50-state-bse-mad-cow-conference.html
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 22, 2023
The Mad Cow That Stole Christmas, 20 Years Later
https://animalhealthreportpriontse.blogspot.com/2023/12/the-mad-cow-that-stole-christmas-23.html
Wednesday, May 24, 2023
***> WAHIS, WOAH, OIE, United States of America Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Immediate notification
https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/5067
https://woahoie.blogspot.com/2023/05/wahis-woah-oie-united-states-of-america.html
https://prpsc.proboards.com/thread/125/wahis-woah-oie-immediate-notification
SATURDAY, MAY 20, 2023
***> Tennessee State Veterinarian Alerts Cattle Owners to Disease Detection Mad Cow atypical L-Type BSE
https://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2023/05/tennessee-state-veterinarian-alerts.html
https://prpsc.proboards.com/thread/123/tennessee-veterinarian-alerts-cattle-confirmed
MAY 19, 2023
https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/stakeholder-info/sa_by_date/sa-2023/bse
2 weeks before the announcement of this recent mad cow case in the USA, i submitted this to the APHIS et al;
***> APPRX. 2 weeks before the recent mad cow case was confirmed in the USA, in Tennessee, atypical L-Type BSE, I submitted this to the APHIS et al;
Document APHIS-2023-0027-0001 BSE Singeltary Comment Submission May 2, 2023
''said 'burden' cost, will be a heavy burden to bear, if we fail with Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion disease, that is why this information collection is so critical''...
https://www.regulations.gov/comment/APHIS-2023-0027-0002
https://downloads.regulations.gov/APHIS-2023-0027-0002/attachment_1.pdf
Monday, November 13, 2023
Food and Drug Administration's BSE Feed Regulation (21 CFR 589.2000) Singeltary Another Request for Update 2023
https://fdabse589.blogspot.com/2023/11/food-and-drug-administrations-bse-feed.html
FRIDAY, JULY 07, 2023
***> TME, 589.2000 (21 C.F.R. 589.2000), atypical L-BSE, who's testing MINK for TSE?
https://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2023/07/tme-5892000-21-cfr-5892000-atypical-l.html
Confucius still ponders, what if?
terry
i thought i should update you about on the BSE TSE Prion, some disturbing data on BSE, Scrapie, and CWD. there is nothing good to report...terry
Research Project: Pathobiology, Genetics, and Detection of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
Location: Virus and Prion Research
Title: The agent of transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged in sheep is similar to BSE-L
Author CASSMANN, E - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE) Greenlee, Justin BALKEMA-BUSCHMANN, A - Friedrich-Loeffler-institut GROSCHUP, M - Friedrich-Loeffler-institut MOORE, S - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE) Kokemuller, Robyn Submitted to: Meeting Abstract Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 3/29/2019 Publication Date: 5/18/2019 Citation: Cassmann, E.D., Greenlee, J.J., Balkema-Buschmann, A., Groschup, M.H., Moore, S.J., Kokemuller, R. 2019. The agent of transmissible mink encephalopathy passaged in sheep is similar to BSE-L. Prion. 13. Article 49.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19336896.2019.1615197
Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) is a fatal neurologic prion disease of farmed mink. Epidemiologic and experimental evidence following a Wisconsin outbreak in 1985 has linked TME to low-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE-L). Evidence suggests that farmed mink were likely exposed to BSE-L infected downer cattle that were fed to the mink. The interspecies transmission of TME to cattle has been documented. Recently, we demonstrated the susceptibility of sheep to cattle passaged TME by intracranial inoculation.
The aim of the present study was to compare ovine passaged cattle TME to other prion diseases of food-producing animals. Using a transgenic mouse model, we characterized the disease phenotype of sheep TME to BSE-C and BSE-L. Separate inoculants of sheep passaged TME were derived from animals with the VRQ/VRQ (VV136) and ARQ/VRQ (AV136) prion protein genotype. Transgenic bovinized mice (TgBovXV) were intracranially inoculated with 20 µl of 1% w/v brain homogenate. The disease phenotypes were characterized by comparing the attack rates, incubation periods, and vacuolation profiles in TgBovXV mice.
The attack rate for BSE-C (13/13), BSE-L (18/18), and TMEVV (21/21) was 100%; whereas, the TMEAV group (15/19) had an incomplete attack rate. The average incubation periods were 299, 280, 310, and 535 days, respectively. The vacuolation profiles of BSE-L and TMEVV were most similar with mild differences observed in the thalamus and medulla. Vacuolation profiles from the BSE-C and TMEAV experimental groups were different than TMEVV and BSE-L. Overall the phenotype of disease in TME inoculated transgenic mice was dependent on the sheep donor genotype (VV vs AV). The results of the present study indicate that TME isolated from VRQ/VRQ sheep is similar to BSE-L by incubation period, attack rate, and vacuolation profile.
Our findings are in agreement with previous research that found similarities between BSE-L and TME. In this study, the similarities between TME and BSE-L are maintained after multiple interspecies passages.
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=360665
update
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/project/?accnNo=432011&fy=2021
Research Project: Pathobiology, Genetics, and Detection of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
Location: Virus and Prion Research
2021 Annual Report
snip...
4. Passing Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy (TME) prions from cattle to sheep changed the ability of the prions to infect mice. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are fatal brain diseases that affect livestock species. Prion diseases have been shown to jump species as exhibited when classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) infected cattle products were consumed by humans resulting in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Another example of cross-species transmission results in a disease of farmed mink known as transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), the origins of which were not previously understood; however, one possible source is L- BSE from cattle. The present study was designed to determine the effect of cross-species transmission of TSEs in livestock on the ability to infect mice expressing the cattle prion protein. We found that passing cattle adapted TME (TME that was previously passaged in cattle) to sheep changed the ability of the prions to infect bovinized mice in a laboratory inoculation. These results were compared to atypical BSE (L-BSE type) and Classical BSE in bovinized mice. Depending on the genotype of sheep used, the disease in mice appeared similar by histologic and western blot analysis to either L-BSE or C-BSE. These results indicate a shift in the disease presentation based on transmission through sheep with different genotypes. This information gives insight into origins and development of new prion strains. Because disease in one of the groups of mice resembled the L-BSE phenotype, it supports the hypothesis that TME can originate from feeding mink protein from cattle afflicted with L-BSE.
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/project/?accnNo=432011&fy=2021
Evidence That Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy Results from Feeding Infected Cattle Over the next 8-10 weeks, approximately 40% of all the adult mink on the farm died from TME.
snip...
The rancher was a ''dead stock'' feeder using mostly (>95%) downer or dead dairy cattle...
https://web.archive.org/web/20090506002258/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m09/tab05.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20090506001031/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m09a/tab01.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/2009050...einquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1987/06/10004001.pdf
NOW, back to those mad mink i.e. TME. let me throw a curve ball here ;
Phenotypic Similarity of Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy in Cattle and L-type Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in a Mouse Model
These findings indicated that cattle are susceptible to TME, and that bovine-passaged TME did not result in a reduced pathogenicity for mink. These studies raised the question as to whether an unknown TSE in cattle was the source of TME infection in the Stetsonville outbreak. Several additional TME outbreaks in the United States have been associated with mink diet that contained downer or dead cattle (9). ...
snip...full text ;
http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/13/12/pdfs/1887.pdf
http://transmissible-mink-encephalopathy.blogspot.com/
What about that TME TSE Prion surveillance and testing program, I'm still waiting?
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 12, 2022
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion Origin USA, what if?
https://bovineprp.blogspot.com/2022/01/bovine-spongiform-encephalopathy-bse.html
https://transmissible-mink-encephal...02/transmissible-mink-encephalopathy-tme.html
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion Origin USA?
https://bovineprp.blogspot.com/2021/10/bovine-spongiform-encephalopathy-bse.html
USA 50 State Emergency BSE Conference Call 2001
https://tseac.blogspot.com/2011/02/usa-50-state-bse-mad-cow-conference.html
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 22, 2023
The Mad Cow That Stole Christmas, 20 Years Later
https://animalhealthreportpriontse.blogspot.com/2023/12/the-mad-cow-that-stole-christmas-23.html
Wednesday, May 24, 2023
***> WAHIS, WOAH, OIE, United States of America Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Immediate notification
https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/5067
https://woahoie.blogspot.com/2023/05/wahis-woah-oie-united-states-of-america.html
https://prpsc.proboards.com/thread/125/wahis-woah-oie-immediate-notification
SATURDAY, MAY 20, 2023
***> Tennessee State Veterinarian Alerts Cattle Owners to Disease Detection Mad Cow atypical L-Type BSE
https://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2023/05/tennessee-state-veterinarian-alerts.html
https://prpsc.proboards.com/thread/123/tennessee-veterinarian-alerts-cattle-confirmed
MAY 19, 2023
https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/stakeholder-info/sa_by_date/sa-2023/bse
2 weeks before the announcement of this recent mad cow case in the USA, i submitted this to the APHIS et al;
***> APPRX. 2 weeks before the recent mad cow case was confirmed in the USA, in Tennessee, atypical L-Type BSE, I submitted this to the APHIS et al;
Document APHIS-2023-0027-0001 BSE Singeltary Comment Submission May 2, 2023
''said 'burden' cost, will be a heavy burden to bear, if we fail with Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion disease, that is why this information collection is so critical''...
https://www.regulations.gov/comment/APHIS-2023-0027-0002
https://downloads.regulations.gov/APHIS-2023-0027-0002/attachment_1.pdf
Monday, November 13, 2023
Food and Drug Administration's BSE Feed Regulation (21 CFR 589.2000) Singeltary Another Request for Update 2023
https://fdabse589.blogspot.com/2023/11/food-and-drug-administrations-bse-feed.html
FRIDAY, JULY 07, 2023
***> TME, 589.2000 (21 C.F.R. 589.2000), atypical L-BSE, who's testing MINK for TSE?
https://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2023/07/tme-5892000-21-cfr-5892000-atypical-l.html
Confucius still ponders, what if?
terry
