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<blockquote data-quote="MikeC" data-source="post: 393097" data-attributes="member: 1604"><p>Pond Turn-Overs </p><p></p><p>Because of weather patterns that we have been experiencing in past months, many pond owners have seen fish die in their ponds. One of the most serious pond problems is oxygen depletion referred to as a "turn-over". During hot summer weather, surface water becomes less dense as it absorbs heat and floats over a cooler, more dense layer of water. All the oxygen is produced in the warmer layer and the two layers may not mix for weeks at a time, especially in deepwater ponds. Eventually, all the oxygen is used up in the lower, cooler layer by the biological and chemical activities that take place there. A cool snap or a thunderstorm with wind and hard rain can cool the warm surface water making it heavy enough to sink and mix with the oxygen deficient bottom layer. The net result is a dilution of the oxygen and an increase in the demand for oxygen from dissolved minerals and decaying organic matter. To complicate these problems, the algae usually die at the same time. </p><p></p><p>When a die-off occurs, the green water often becomes streaked with gray, black or brown. The color of the water may eventually become totally brown, gray, black or even milky. A distinct foul smell may also be noticeable. "Turn-overs" cause the most catastrophic fish kills in ponds. Some ways to help avoid this problem are to keep the nutrient level down so that plankton blooms do not become excessive. Risk of turn-over is considerably less when visibility of a white object in the pond is 16-18 inches. Installation of an aerator that can be run at night and during extended periods of cloudy days is good insurance against fish kills. An area of oxygenated water near the aerator will help the fish survive until the pond recovers from a low oxygen period.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="MikeC, post: 393097, member: 1604"] Pond Turn-Overs Because of weather patterns that we have been experiencing in past months, many pond owners have seen fish die in their ponds. One of the most serious pond problems is oxygen depletion referred to as a "turn-over". During hot summer weather, surface water becomes less dense as it absorbs heat and floats over a cooler, more dense layer of water. All the oxygen is produced in the warmer layer and the two layers may not mix for weeks at a time, especially in deepwater ponds. Eventually, all the oxygen is used up in the lower, cooler layer by the biological and chemical activities that take place there. A cool snap or a thunderstorm with wind and hard rain can cool the warm surface water making it heavy enough to sink and mix with the oxygen deficient bottom layer. The net result is a dilution of the oxygen and an increase in the demand for oxygen from dissolved minerals and decaying organic matter. To complicate these problems, the algae usually die at the same time. When a die-off occurs, the green water often becomes streaked with gray, black or brown. The color of the water may eventually become totally brown, gray, black or even milky. A distinct foul smell may also be noticeable. "Turn-overs" cause the most catastrophic fish kills in ponds. Some ways to help avoid this problem are to keep the nutrient level down so that plankton blooms do not become excessive. Risk of turn-over is considerably less when visibility of a white object in the pond is 16-18 inches. Installation of an aerator that can be run at night and during extended periods of cloudy days is good insurance against fish kills. An area of oxygenated water near the aerator will help the fish survive until the pond recovers from a low oxygen period. [/QUOTE]
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