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Fracking
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<blockquote data-quote="Brute 23" data-source="post: 989837" data-attributes="member: 6291"><p>Ill give this a shot... <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" class="smilie smilie--sprite smilie--sprite1" alt=":)" title="Smile :)" loading="lazy" data-shortname=":)" /> </p><p></p><p>If you draw a picture of a straw going in to the earth that is the vertical part of the well. As some point it turns and lays horizontal. Lets say at 9,000' deep they are laying horizontal. Then they may drill 5,000' horizontal. In that 5,000' leg they perforate it multiple, multiple times. So they shoot holes in the pipe out side ways... Plane Frac. Looks like a board going out horizontal, from horizontal leg. A good zone will have really hard materials above and below it so the frac plane can keep running side ways. They will have different stages where they are pumping fluid and sand at different rates. Kind of like shifting gears. If it blows out vertically they lose pressure and have to stop. </p><p></p><p>The sand is pushed in under pressure to form a wedge and hold the fractures (cracks) open.</p><p></p><p>If it does not take the sand or the sand comes back you end up with a big mess and it can be very dangerous. This sand coming back at you with #8K behind it will cut out pipe, chokes, any thing faster than you can shut it down. Some times it comes back and some times it has to be washed out with coil tubing. It can also come back over time and cut out production equipment.</p><p></p><p>In Texas you have to do casing integretity tests (H15) to prove you layers of casing and cement are holding below the water zones.</p><p></p><p>The only danger to you water table is it requires a lot of water to do this. That is typically pumped from wells near the well. In low rain fall years with a lot of fracing going on you could use more water than is going back in.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Brute 23, post: 989837, member: 6291"] Ill give this a shot... :) If you draw a picture of a straw going in to the earth that is the vertical part of the well. As some point it turns and lays horizontal. Lets say at 9,000' deep they are laying horizontal. Then they may drill 5,000' horizontal. In that 5,000' leg they perforate it multiple, multiple times. So they shoot holes in the pipe out side ways... Plane Frac. Looks like a board going out horizontal, from horizontal leg. A good zone will have really hard materials above and below it so the frac plane can keep running side ways. They will have different stages where they are pumping fluid and sand at different rates. Kind of like shifting gears. If it blows out vertically they lose pressure and have to stop. The sand is pushed in under pressure to form a wedge and hold the fractures (cracks) open. If it does not take the sand or the sand comes back you end up with a big mess and it can be very dangerous. This sand coming back at you with #8K behind it will cut out pipe, chokes, any thing faster than you can shut it down. Some times it comes back and some times it has to be washed out with coil tubing. It can also come back over time and cut out production equipment. In Texas you have to do casing integretity tests (H15) to prove you layers of casing and cement are holding below the water zones. The only danger to you water table is it requires a lot of water to do this. That is typically pumped from wells near the well. In low rain fall years with a lot of fracing going on you could use more water than is going back in. [/QUOTE]
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