Not an existing well - a new test well. I guess we all figure a test well shows if there is water in the hole or not, and I'm pretty sure the driller would know how deep he went and if he reached red bed or not and what type formations he drilled through.
Beyond that, however, what else can it show? How much water there is standing in the hole? If you went ahead and drilled a 4" well, how fast it will pump down, if at all, and how fast it will recover (gal/min and appropriate hp for submersible pump)?
The wells that I have had drilled,(several) were not test wells but wells that I put into use after they were drilled. The driller was able to tell me all of the info. that you are asking about.
Also why drill a 4" well? Why not a 6-8 inch well that you can use after its drilled.
In other words, how much of the information that is available from an established well can also be first gleaned, quickly and inexpensively, from a test well? THAT's my question.
I've pretty well run all the Google searches that can be run every way they can be run, and found out lots of info about water tests (quality of drinking water, how to test a well's water, etc. etc.), but very very little about the finer points of drilling a test water well - especially what can be learned from the process beyond the basic of water/no water. If someone can shed some light on that, fire away, and thanks.